śrīyaśodānandanāya namaḥ ||

iha padārthāṣṭakavicāraparatvād vākyapadī⸤yasya prathamakāṃḍena prayojanādipadārthe nirṇīte naṃtarakāṃḍopapāditopapattibhiḥ vākyatadarthayor anvākhyeyaschikṣaṇayoḥ padārthayor nnirṇītatvāt tadapoddhārakāpoddhārarūpaḥ padavicāraḥ prakramyate | tatra niyatavikalpo yathābhiprāya⸤m apoddhāra iti yathāsaṃbhavaṃ padabhedānuddiśati ||_

|| vākyasyaiva niraṃśasya vācakatvād aṃtarā padapratipattir vibhrama iti kim asatyapadavyutpādanene⸤ty āśaṃkyāpoddhṛtyaiva vākyebhya ity āha apoddhṛtya kalpanābud_dhyāddhyā pṛthak padaṃ niṣkṛṣyākhaṃḍavākyavyutpattāv upāyaḥ padavyuLtpattir vākyavādināṃ akhaṃḍapadavyutpattāv iva parikalpitarūpaprakṛtipratyayāgamādeśādivyutpattiḥ padavādināṃ | ā⸤naṃtyād dhi vākyānāṃ svāsvasvalakṣaṇenalakṣyenāśakyā vyutpattiḥ kartum iti sadṛśapadadvārakaṃ tadupapattir ity arthaḥ |

ubhayor api cāpoddhṛta⸤syāsatyatvaṃ samānaṃ | tathā hi_ aniyatānupūrvīko yathārthyaṃ kalpinānvayavyatirekanibaṃdhano vākyavādināṃ padāpoddhā⸤raḥ | evaṃ padavādināṃ śāstreyyanvayavyatirekanimittārthāpoddhāravaśaḥ prakṛtipratyayāpoddhāraḥ | yad āha vākyakāraḥ | siddhaṃ ⸤tv anvayavyatirekābhyām iti | tatra bhinnatvaṃ sāmānyaṃ dvidhetyādiko viśeṣa iti vidhārthe dhāpratyayopapattiḥ prakāro hi vi⸤dhārthaḥ | sa ca sāmānyasya bhedako viśeṣaḥ prakāraḥ || sādṛśyam eva sarvatra prakāraḥ kaiścid iṣyata ity ekīyamataṃ | kaiścid iti ⸤vacanāt_ bhede pi tu prakārākhyā kaiścid abhyupagamyata iti coktaṃ yadi vātra buddhiṃ rūpaprakalpitaṃ sādṛśyam eva vidhārthaḥ | jñā⸤napratibiṃbitasya hi bāhyānukāritvena sādṛśyaṃ sarvatra prakārārthaḥ saṃkalpitasadṛśasyābāhyasyānirvartanāt_ ⸤vākyāc cāpoddhriyamāṇasya padasya vākyārthāṃtarāparikalpanayārthavata evāpoddhāro yuktaḥ_ arthāpoddhāra eva hi padāLpoddhārasya nimittaṃ animi_rtte hi tasmin varṇāpoddhārasyāpi prasaṃgāt teṣām api vyutpādyatā syāt |

vākyārthaś ca schitala⸤kṣaṇo niraṃśaḥ kārakotkalitaśarīrakriyāsvabhāvaḥ | tatra cāṃśāṃśikalpanayāpoddhāre kārakātmā kriyātmāaṃśaḥ ca pravibhāgā⸤rha iti siddhasādhyalakṣaṇāṃśadvayaviṣayaḥ padāpoddhāro dvividhaḥ nāmākhyātarūpaḥ | prāthamakalpikaḥ śaktiśakti⸤mator abhedāt_ kārakātmā siddharūpo ṃśaḥ yady api ca nāmapadānāṃ pratyayārthasya saṃkhyādeḥ śābdaṃ prādhānyaṃ tathāpy arthataḥ prā⸤tipadikārthasya jātyādyaṃkuritasya dravyasyaiva prādhānyaṃ siddharūpasya saṃkhyākārakaśaktīnāṃ tadāśrayatvād anayor eva ⸤ca nāmākhyātayor viśeṣatvān nipātopasargakarmapravacanīyalakṣaṇaḥ padabhedo ṃtarbhavati

tathā hi siddhārthābhidhāyi ⸤nāmapadam iti tadarthagataṃ viśeṣaṃ dyotayannipātaḥ tatraivāṃtarbhavati | siddhaṃ hy arthaṃ sākṣād vābhidadhātu tadgataṃ viśeṣaṃ vā ⸤prakāśayatu neyatā bhedaḥ svarādayas tu kecit satvapradhānā eveti te pi nāmapadam eva ye tu hirugādayaḥ kriyāpradhānāḥ teṣām ā⸤khyāte ṃtarbhāvaḥ | na hi tiṅaṃtam evākhyātaṃ kriyāpradhānasya sarvasyaiva tallakṣaṇatvāt || ata evopasargakarmapravacanīyapadāLny apy ākhyātapadam eva sādhyārthaviśeṣadyotanāt_ evaṃ nipāto pi tadgatabhedāṃtaravivakṣāyāṃ tu nipātopasargayor api kaiści⸤t pṛthakkaraṇam tathā hi asty evāpoddhāre rthamātrāviśeṣo nayoḥ | na hy etau sākṣād arthaṃ vadataḥ api tu tadgataviśeṣadyotakā⸤v iti vācakābhyāṃ nāmākhyātābhyāṃ pravibhaktau siddhasādhyārthaviṣayaviśeṣadyotakatvān nipātānāṃ sādhyaikaniyatatvāc co⸤pasargāṇāṃ parasparato bhedaḥ karmapravacanīyās tu kriyāviśeṣopajanitasaṃbaṃdhāvachedahetava iti saṃbaṃdhaviśeṣadyotanadvā⸤reṇa kriyāviśeṣaprakāśanā upasargeṣv evāṃtarbhavaṃtīti caturdhaiva kaiścit padaṃ bhinnaṃ_

sākṣāt kriyāviśeṣaprakāśanābhāvā⸤t tad api paṃcamaṃ padam iti kaiścit_ tathā hi | karma proktavaṃtaḥ karmapravacanīyā iti atikrāṃtakriyākhyānalakṣaṇasya ⸤vyāpārasyātra saṃbhavo na tu vartamānasyety upasargebhyo bhedaḥ kriyāgataviśeṣadyotanapūrvakaṃ hi saṃbaṃdhāvachedanam atra varta⸤mānaṃ | tathā hi sarvaḥ_ saṃbaṃdhaḥ kriyākṛtaḥ_ upakārakriyocitatvā|t tasya kriyām aṃtareṇa upakārābhāvāt || tatra kva⸤cit kriyāśabdaḥ śrūyate kvacin na | yatra śrūyate tatra śrauta eva saṃbaṃdhaviśeṣāvasāyaḥ | tad yathā mātuḥ smarati mātuḥ smṛLtaṃ sarpiṣo jānīta ityādau kriyā hi svabhāvād eva kriyāṃtaravyavadhānam aṃtareṇa dravyaiḥ saṃyujyate | anye tu yasmān mātāpitṛviṣaye prava⸤rtate vatiṣṭhate vā tasmān mātāpitṛsaṃbaṃdhīdaṃ smaraṇam iti kriyākārakabhāvapūrvaka evāyam api saṃbaṃdha iti varṇayaṃti

aśrute tu ⸤kriyāpade dvayī gatiḥ | kvacit saṃbaṃdhasvarūpamahimnaiva kriyākṣepasiddheḥ pratiniyatakriyākārakabhāvapūrvakatvaṃ śeṣasaṃbaṃdhasya ⸤vinaiva karmapravacanīyam avagamyate | tad yathā upagor apatyaṃ vṛkṣasya śākhetyādāv apatyāpatyavatsaṃbaṃdho janikriyānimitto ⸤vayavāvayavisaṃbaṃdhaś ca sthitikriyānimitta ityādi | kvacit tu saṃbaṃdhānāṃ pratiniyatakriyāpūrvakatvāvadhāraṇe | nāsti sā⸤marthyaṃ | tad yathā rājñaḥ puruṣa ity atra svasvāmibhāvo bharaṇādyanekakriyānimitta ity evāvagamyate | kriyāviśeṣo nāvadhā⸤ryate tannimittabhūtaḥ | tathā ca bhāṣyaṃ yad etat svaṃ nāma tac caturbhiḥ prakārair bhavati bharaṇād apaharaṇāt krayaṇād yācjayeti ⸤dānādīnāṃ tv ananyatamāvinābhāvāt kriyāmiyānumīyata eva | kvacit tv avinābhāvinī kriyāpi na pratīyate | tathā cai⸤vaṃ jātīyake viṣaye karmapravacanīyo niyataviśiṣṭakriyākṛtatvasaṃbaṃdhasya viśeṣam avagamayati | tad uktaṃ | jinayitvā Lkriyā kācit saṃbaṃdhaṃ vinivarttate | śrūyamāṇe kriyāśabde saṃbaṃdho jāyate kvacit | sa copajātaḥ saṃbaṃdho vinivṛtte kri⸤yāpade | karmapravacanīyena yatra tatra niyamyate iti | niyamas tasya niyatakriyājanitatvaṃ tathā hi śākalyasya saṃhitā⸤m anu prāvarṣat_ iti yo yaṃ saṃhitāpravarṣaṇayor hetuhetumadbhāvalakṣaṇaḥ saṃbaṃdhaḥ sa nini3yatakriyājanita ity anunā ⸤vedyate | anuniśamyety atrānor niśamayatikriyāsāhacaryopalabdher iha saṃpāṭharūpatvāt saṃhitāyās tadanumāna⸤syaucityā|t tatra kriyāvacanatvam asyānyatra dṛṣṭaśakter na kalpyaṃ |

dyotyārthaniṣṭaṃ ca dyotakatvam iti tad api kriyāpadāprayo⸤gād atra nāsti | na ca kriyāpadākṣepakatvaṃ | yathā prādeśaṃ viparilikhatīty atra ver lekhanāsamanvayānupapatter nirmātikriyā⸤kṣepakatvaṃ | kārakavibhaktir hy atra prādeśam iti dvitīyeti yuktas tatsamuccitakriyākṣepaḥ | iha tu saṃhitām iti śaiṣikī⸤yaṃ vibhaktir iti kathaṃ kriyākṣepaḥ | kriyākārakayor eva parasparam ākṣepyākṣepakabhāvasyāvinābhāvena nyāyyatvā⸤t_ | tad yathā praviśa piṃḍīm ityādau | nāpi saṃbaṃdhavācitvam atrānoḥ | vibhaktyaiva tadabhidhānād iti saṃbaṃdhāvachedasya Lpratyāyako nānyaḥ saṃbhavatīti pāriśeṣyād anor atra sāmarthyam adhyavasīyate | tad uktaṃ | kriyāyā dyotako nāyaṃ saṃbaṃdhasya ⸤na vāvakaḥ | nāpi kriyāpadākṣepī saṃbaṃdhasya tu bhedaka iti | bhedako viśeṣako dyotaka ity arthaḥ | ayam atra bhāvaḥ | yad ananya⸤thāsiddhaṃ tatrānor vyāpārakalpanā yuktā | yat punar anyathārthasāmarthyādinā sidhyati na tatra tasya śaktiḥ kalpayituṃ ⸤pāryate iti padāṃtarāṇām arthāṃtaraniveśāt saṃbaṃdhaviśeṣasya tato navagatasya karmapravacanīyaviṣayatā siddhā | na⸤nu ca yad atrādhikyaṃ vākyārthaḥ sa iti kriyāviśeṣajanitatvalakṣaṇaḥ saṃbaṃdhasyāvachedo vākyārthaḥ kim iti na kathya⸤te anos tu paścāt_bhāvamātravṛttitvam eveti ||_

|| atrocyate ||_ || ihādhikyaṃ vākyārthatvenocyamānaṃ padārthapṛ⸤ṣṭhapātitvenaivānusaraṇīyaṃ na tu padārthollaṃghanena | tattadvākyopāttasya hi sādhyasya vā viśeṣyasya vopāttair eva sā⸤dhanair viśeṣaṇaiś ca saṃsargas tatrādhikyaṃ | tad yathā | gāṃ śuklām ānaya | nīlotpalam iti ca_ ata evocyate | āśra⸤yāśrayiṇor vākyān niyamas tv avatiṣṭhate iti | iyaṃ cānupāttasyaiva padārthasya vākyārthāt pratītir nāstīti na saṃbaṃLdhāvachedo trāpadārtho vākyārthaḥ śakyate kalpayitum iti karmapravacanīyaviṣaya evāyaṃ | yad vakṣyati | nimittaniya⸤maḥ śabdāt saṃbaṃdhasya na gṛhyate | karmapravacanīyais tu svaviśeṣe varudhyate iti | atra ca darśanadvayaṃ | svarūpeṇaiva saṃbaṃdhānta⸤ravilakṣaṇaḥ karmapravacanīyena saṃbaṃdho vachidyate kriyāviśeṣajanitatvena veti | tatra svarūpeṇāvachede viśiṣṭakri⸤yājanitatvapratītiḥ saṃbaṃdhiviśeṣaparyālocanālabhyā | tathā hi | adhibrahmadatte paṃcālā iti svasvasvā⸤mibhāvo yaṃ saṃbaṃdha ity adhinā vedyate | brahmadattaś ca svāmīśvaraḥ paṃcālāś ca janapadaḥ svam iti tayoḥ saṃbaṃdhinoḥ ⸤paripālanakarādānādikriyāprabhāvita eva saṃbaṃdho nyāyya ity avagamyate | evam abhimanyur arjunataḥ pratīti prati⸤nā sādṛśyalakṣaṇo yaṃ saṃbaṃdha iti dyotyate | sa punaḥ saṃbaṃdhisvarūpaparyālocanād atra saṃpraharaṇādikriyākṛta i⸤ty avagamyate | itthaṃ ca śākalyasaṃhitām anu prāvarṣad ity atrāpi hetuphalabhāvo nāmāyaṃ saṃbaṃdha ity etāvaty evāyam a⸤nur viśrāmyati pāṭhaviśeṣarūpatvāt saṃhitāyā niśamanakriyāvagatiḥ | śabdaśravaṇena hi devo varṣad iti saṃbaṃdhiLmahimnā viśiṣṭakriyāprabhāvitatvam avasīyate | kecid iyān anor eva vyāpāra ity āhuḥ |

svarūpāvachede pi ca kriyāyāḥ kāryabhūta⸤saṃbaṃdhāpekṣayātītatvā|t karma proktavaṃta ity arthaḥs tamanvety eva | vastutaḥ kriyāphalasyaiva saṃbaṃdhasya prakāśanāt_ yaṃthā tu tatrabhavat_⸤bhartṛhares tatra tatrābhiprāyo lakṣyate tathā nimittaviśeṣāvacheda eva karmapravavanīyakṛta iti rāddhāṃtaḥ | adhibrahmadatte paṃcā⸤lā iti paripālanakriyāhitatvaṃ svasvāmibhāvasyādhinā vyajyate | abhimanyur arjunataḥ pratīty atra parājayādikṛto nukāryānu⸤karaṇabhāvaḥ pratinā prakāśyata ityādi sarvatra yojyaṃ | sustutam atistutam ityādau tu suḥ pūjāyām atir atikramaṇe cetyādinā ka⸤rmapravacanīyasaṃjñādhikārikī svārthanirapekṣaivopasargasaṃjñābādhanāya pravartate | yathoktaṃ | karmapravacanīyatvaṃ kriyāyoge vi⸤dhīyate | ṣatvādivinivṛtyarthaṃ svatyādīnāṃ hi dharmiṇām iti | ārthena tu rūpeṇa vibhāge prastute kriyāviśeṣāvadyotakatvā⸤d upasargapade svatyādir aṃtarbhavatīti nāvyāptiḥ | tad evaṃ vākyād apoddhriyamāṇasya padasyāpoddhārārthaviśeṣāśrayeṇa yathāsaṃbha⸤vaṃ bhedo niraṃśakavākyaṣyavyutpattyupāyabhūtaḥ pradarśitaḥ | ata eva svādipadaṃ vākyavyutpattyanaṃgatvāchāstre saṃketitaṃ svādikṣasarvanāmasthāna ity anenety a⸤rthaḥ subaṃLtapadavyutpattyupāyabhūtaṃ neha gaṇanārhaṃ | prakṛtipratyayavad iti dṛṣṭāṃtapakṣanikṣiptam iti nāvyāptiḥ | padāt kilāsāv apoddhā⸤ro na vākyāt_ |

tad itthaṃ padāpoddhāre pradarśite tadarthasyāpoddhṛtasya siddhasādhyarūpadvayayogino matabhedena svarūpopadarśanārth,⸤am āha ||

arthadvāreṇa padaṃ ⸤parīkṣyata iti darśanabhedena prathamam apoddhārapadārthavicāraḥ | tathā hi | sarveṣām api śabdānāṃ padarūpāṇāṃ nāmākhyātādisvabhā⸤vānāṃ jātivādimate jātir evārtho na dravyam | dravyavādimate tu dravyam eva na jātiḥ | dvitīyena vāśabdena padārthāṃtaraṃ sūcitaṃ jā⸤tiviśiṣṭadravyābhidhānam iti | ata eva tad eva saṃkalanārūpaṃ padārthāv iti sphuṭīkṛtam | anyathā cārthe prakrānte cārthopasaṃ⸤hāro ayaṃ nopapadyate tadvad abhidhāne tv abhidhānaṃ tāvaddvayor api samānam, viramya vyāpārābhāvāc chabdasya | vārthas tu jātidravyayo⸤r guṇapradhānabhāvaḥ | yad vā prādhānyenaiva bhinnaviṣayatayā pāṇinidarśane jātidravye śabdenābhidhīyete ity ayam atra pakṣaḥ padā⸤rthāv ity uktaḥ | tatra nāmapadasya gaur ity āder gotvādijātiḥ niyatakriyāviṣayasādhanaikārthasamavetasaṃkhyājātiviśeṣanaLbhāvam āpannā abhidheyā, anāśrayāyā jāter anupapatteḥ sāmarthyāt pratītaṃ dravyam |

evam ākhyātapadasyāpi vibhinnakriyākṣaṇasamave⸤tābhinnābhidhānapratyayahetukriyā jātiviṣayā sākṣād vācakaśaktiḥ | kārakādijātis tv atra guṇabhūtā nāmapadagatayā ca kāra⸤kajātyā kriyājātir ākhyātapadagatā vyaktidvāreṇa samanvayam eti | dravyajātis tv ekārthasamavāyāt sādhanaśaktidvāreṇa kri⸤yāyogam anubhavati saṃkhyājātir apy ekārthasamavāyāt svavyaktātmanā śaktimukhenaiva kriyānvayam eti sarvapadārtha⸤samanvayopapattau kalpate vākyārthaḥ yathā cotkṣepaṇādikṣaṇair asamasamayabhāvibhir apy āvṛttyotkṣepaṇatvādijātir a⸤bhivyajyate tathāadhiśrayaṇādibhiḥ kriyākṣaṇaiḥ pacatyādikriyājātir iti vicārayiṣyate | vyaktidvārakaṃ cāsyāṃ ni⸤tyāyā api sādhyatvam upapadyate |

upasargādibhir apy atra darśane nāmākhyātasahabhāvī tadarthasya viśeṣāvadyotakatvāj jā⸤tipadārtha evaṃ viśeṣasya viśiṣṭaviśrāntasyaivāvasāyāt karmapravacanīyo 'pi saṃbandhajātiniṣṭha eva guṇaśabdānām api⸤ śuklādīnāṃ guṇajātir vācyā | saṃjñāśabdānām api ḍitthādiśabdānāṃ jātivācitvaṃ samarthayiṣyate |

tad itthaṃ vājapyāLyanācāryamatena sārvatrikī jātipadārthavyavasthopapadyate | vyāḍimate tu sarvaśabdānāṃ dravyam arthaḥ, tasyaiva sākṣāt kriyāsamanva⸤yopapatter vākyārthāṅgatayā codanāviṣayatvāt yathāha | codanāsu ca tasyārambhāt ekabrahmasattājātisamanvayavaśena cātra saṃke⸤topapattiḥ | anabhidhīyamānāpi jātir upalakṣaṇīkriyate śabdārthe yathā gṛhādau kākādiḥ | ākhyāte ‘pi ca sādhanādhāradra⸤vyaprādhānyaṃ vyāḍimate | devadattaḥ pacatīti dravyeṇaiva sākṣāt sāmānādhikaraṇyopapatteḥ kriyā tu guṇabhūtātra vyāpārāviṣṭaṃ⸤hi dravyam ākhyātārthaḥ idaṃetac ca vastūpalakṣaṇaṃ yatreti kārikāyāṃ vivecayiṣyate tad iti sarvanāmapratyavamarśayogyaṃ cātra dravyam iti sārvatrikīyaṃ vyavasthā | tathā ca vakṣyati |⸤dravyadharmā padārthe tu dravye sarvo 'rtha ucyate’ iti | ata eva śuklādīnām api dravyapadārthatā siddhā tattadupādhivyavacchinnaṃ vā⸤brahma dravyaśabdavācyaṃ sarvaśabdānāṃ viṣaya iti vakṣyata eva | vyaktiparyāyo vā dravyaśabda iti jātivyaktivikalpena sarvaśabdaviṣayaḥ tathā ca sarvaśabdānām ity abhidhānāt padād apy apoddhāre prakṛtipratyayarūpasyāpi śabdasya yathāyogaṃ kriyākārakasaṃkhyādir apoddhārapadārtho jātivyaktibhedena samāmnātaḥ | ubhayasyāpi vā śabdāt pratīter ubhayaṃ padārthaḥ | guṇapradhānabhāvabhedais tu matavikalpaḥvyāḍivājapyāyanau matasthāpakau | nityatvopavarṇanaṃ ca siddhe ity atra bhāṣye yasmiṃs tattvaṃ na vihanyate iti dravyasyāpi nityatvam | pravāhanityatayā śabdās sadaiva pratīteḥ |