University of Oxford, Chandra Shum Shere MS d. 247 United Kingdom Oxford University of Oxford d. 247 Orig. no. 3800 35 EO This is a paper manuscript in Telugu script in the Chandra Shum Shere collection at the Bodleian Libraries. It was bought, as part of a private collection of 6330 manuscripts in Benares, by the Maharaja Sir Chandra Shum Shere in 1909 and presented to the University of Oxford (Wujastyk 1978, 1). The text extends from the beginning of the Jātisamuddeśa to the end of the Kriyāsamuddeśa, although folios 109, 110 and 111 are missing. It has never before been edited and it was not known to Wilhelm Rau, but it is described in Dominik Wujastyk's Handlist of the Vyākaraṇa manuscripts in the Chandra Shum Shere Collection preserved in the Bodleian Library. The manuscript was bound into book form by the library, and the folios were numbered by Thomas Gambier-Parry in pencil (Wujastyk 1978, 2). Gambier-Parry's foliation begins at the first flyleaf of the book; the first manuscript folio is numbered 3. Moreover, his foliation does not take into account the missing folios. In this transcription, the original Telugu foliation has been followed. Bhartṛhari Helārāja Dravyasamuddeśa Prakīrṇaprakāśa śrīgaṇeśāya namaḥ | śrīpataṃjalaye namaḥ | niraṃtarāyo stu | yasmin_ saṃmukhatāṃ prayāti ruciraṃ ko py aṃtarujjṛṃbhate nedīyān mahimā manasy abhinavaḥ puṃsaḥ prakāśātmanaḥ | sāmānyaviśeṣayor atyaṃtabhedābhāvāt_ sakalaviśeṣaparihāreṇa sāmānyarūpānupapatter iti sarvatra siddhiḥ || ❈ || iti śrībhūtirājatanayahelārājakṛte prakīrṇaprakāśe kriyāsamuddeśo ṣṭamaḥ || ❈ || ❈ || || Sanskrit in Telugu script. Paper 125 ff. 10 24 Telugu numerals, verso side, top-left and bottom-right corners. Devanāgarī numerals, verso side, bottom-right corner, first 11 folios only. European numerals in pencil, recto side, bottom-right corner, written by Thomas Gambier-Parry. The numbering starts at the first flyleaf; the first manuscript folio is numbered 3. Incomplete — folios 109 to 111 are missing. In good condition.

22 lines per page.

Left and right margins framed by double black lines.

 Telugu script in black ink.

On the flyleaf opposite the first folio, the invocation has been transcribed in Latin script.

Marginal title, helārājīyaṃ prakīrṇakāṃḍasya, top-left corner, verso, first folio.

Running marginal title, he॰ prakī॰, top-left corner, verso. Folios 2 - 9.

Running marginal title, || rāma ||, bottom-right corner, verso. First 9 folios only.

On the recto side of the last folio, the final section rubric has been transcribed in Devanāgarī script.

On the verso side of the last folio, the title has been written in Devanāgarī script. In addition, the original manuscript number, 3800 has been written in blue ink.

Hardcover book, library binding.

The spine reads, Helarāja's Vākyapadīprakīrṇakaprakāśa. It also gives the shelfmark, MS. Chandra Shum Shere d.247. The inside front cover gives the shelfmark and the original number. 19th century. Benares Bought by Maharaja Sir Chandra Shum Shere in 1909.and presented to the University of Oxford. Acquired by the University of Oxford. Descriptions of the manuscript Index Catalogue of MSS. Chandra Shum Shere Thomas Gambier-Parry E. H. Johnston Oxford 1940 A Handlist of the Vyākaraṇa manuscripts in the Chandra Shum Shere collection preserved in the Bodleian Library, Oxford Dominik Wujastyk London 1984 The Chandra Shum Shere Collection. 1908-1978 Dominik Wujastyk Oxford 1978 Charles Li

śrīgaṇeśāya namaḥ | śrīpataṃjalaye namaḥ | niraṃtarāyo stu |

 yasmin_ saṃmukhatāṃ prayāṃti ruciraṃ ko py aṃtarujjṛṃbhate nedīyān mahimā manasy abhinavaḥ puṃsaḥ prakāśātmanaḥ | tṛptiṃ yat paramāṃ tanoti viṣayāsvādaṃ vinā śāśvatīṃ dhīmānaṃda sudhā mayoṙjita vapuḥ sat prātibhaṃ saṃstumaḥ || kāṇḍadvaye yathāvṛtti siddhāṃtāṙtthasatattvataḥ | prabandho vihito smābhir āgamāṙtthānusāribhiḥ | taccheṣabhūte kāṃḍe smin_ saprapaṃce svarūpataḥ | ślokāṙtthadyotanaparaḥ prakāśo yaṃ vidhīyate |

iha padāṙtthāṣṭakavicāraparatvād vākyapadīyasya prathamakāṃḍena prayojanādipadāṙtthe niṙṇīte 'naṃtarakāṃḍopapāditopapatibhiṙ vākyatadaṙtthayor anvākhyeyasthitalakṣaṇayoḥ padāṙtthayoṙ niṙṇītatvāt tadapoddhārakāpoddhārarūpaḥ padavicāraḥ prakramyate | tatrāniyatavikalpo yathābhiprāyam apoddhāra iti yathāsaṃbhavaṃ padabhedānuddiśati ||

|| dvidhā kaiścit padaṃ bhinnaṃ catuṙdhā paṃcadhāpi vā | apoddhṛttyaiva vākyebhyaḥ prakṛtipratyayādivat || 1 ||

vākyasyaiva niraṃśasya vācakatvād aṃtarā padapratipattiṙ bhrama iti kim asatyapadavyutpādanenety āśaṃkyāpoddhṛtyaiva vākyebhya ity āha | apoddhṛtya kalpanābuddhyā pṛthak padaṃ niṣkṛṣyākhaṃḍavākyavyutpattāv upāyaḥ padavyutpattiṙ vākyavādināṃ | akhaṃḍapadavyutpattāv iva parikalpitarūpaprakṛtipratyayāgamādeśādivyutpattiḥ padavādinām | ānaṃtyād dhi vākyānāṃ svālakṣyenāśakyā vyutpattiḥ kaṙtum iti sadṛśapadadvārakaṃ tadupapattir ity aṙtthaḥ |

ubhayor apy apoddhṛtasyāsatyatvaṃ samānam | tathā hi aniyatānupūrvīko yathāṙtthaṃ kalpitānvayavyatirekanibaṃdhano vākyavādināṃ padāpoddhāraḥ | evaṃ padavādināṃ śāstreṇānvayavyatirekanimittāṙtthāpoddhāravaśaḥ prakṛtipratyayāpoddhāraḥ | yad āha vākyakāraḥ | siddhaṃ tv anvayavyatirekābhyām iti | tatra bhinnatvaṃ sāmānyaṃ dvidhetyādiko viśeṣa iti vidhāṙtthe dhāpratyayopattipattiḥ | prakāro hi vidhāṙtthaḥs sa ca sāmānyasya bhedako viśeṣaḥ | sādṛśyam eva sarvatra prakāraḥ kaiścid iṣyata ity ekīyaṃmataṃ | kaiścid iti vacanā|d bhede pi tu prakārākhyā kaiścid abhyupagamyata iti uktaṃ | yadi cātra buddhirūpaprakalpitasādṛśyam eva vidhāṙtthaḥ jñānapratibiṃbitasya hi bāhyānukāritvena sādṛśyaṃ sarvatra prakārāŕtthaḥ | saṃkalpitasadṛśasya bāhyasya niṙvacanāt | vākyāc cāpoddhriyamāṇasya padasya vākyāṙtthāṃtarāparikalpanayāṙtthavata evāpoddhāro yuktaḥ aṙtthāpoddhāra eva hi paddhāpoddhārasya nimittaṃ | animitte hi tasmin_ vaṙṇāpoddhārasyāpi prasaṃgāt teṣām api vyutpādyatā syāt |

vākyāṙtthaś ca sthitalakṣaṇo niraṃśaḥ kārakoktalīnaśarīrakriyāsvabhāvaḥ | tatra cāṃśāṃśikalpanayāpoddhāre kārakātmā kriyātmā ca pravibhāgāṙha iti siddhasādhyalakṣaṇāṃśadvayaviṣayaḥ padāpoddhāro dvividhaḥ nāmākhyātarūpaḥ prāthamakalpikaḥ śaktiśaktimator abhedāt_ kārakātmā siddharūpo ṃśaḥ yady api ca nāmapadānāṃ pratyayāṙtthasya saṃkhyādeḥ śābdaṃ prādhānyaṃ tathāpy aṙtthataḥ prātipadikāṙtthasya jātyādyaṃkuritasya dravyasyaiva prādhānyaṃ siddharūpasya saṃkhyākārakaśaktīnāṃ tadāśrayatvād anayor eva ca nāmākhyātayoṙ viśeṣaṇatvān nipātopasaṙgakaṙmapravacanīyalakṣaṇaḥ padabhedo ṃtaṙbhavati |

tathā hi siddhāṙtthābhidhāyi nāmapadam iti tadaṙtthagataviśeṣaṃ dyotayannipātaḥ tatraivāṃtaṙbhavati | siddhaṃ hy aṙtthaṃ sākṣād vābhidadhātu tadgataṃ viśeṣaṃ vā dyotayatu neyatā bhedaḥ | svarādayas tu kecit satvapradhānā eveti te pi nāmapadam eva | ye tu hirugādayaḥ kriyāpradhānās teṣām ākhyāte ṃtaṙbhāvaḥ | na hi tiṅaṃtam evākhyātaṃ kriyāpradhānasya sarvasyaiva tallakṣaṇatvāt | ata evopasaṙgakarmapravacanīyapadāny apy ākhyātapadam eva | sāddhyāṙtthaviśeṣadyotanāt | evaṃ nipāto pi | tadgatabhedāṃtaravivakṣāyāṃ tu nipātopasaṙgayor api kaiścit pṛthakkaraṇaṃ | tathā hi asty evāpoddhāre ṙtthamātrāviśeṣo nayoḥ na hy etayoḥ sākṣād aṙtthaṃ vadataḥ api tu tadgataviśeṣadyotakāv iti vācakābhyāṃ nāmākhyātābhyāṃ pravibhaktau siddhasādhyāṙtthaviṣayaviśeṣadyotakatvān nipātānāṃ sādhyaikaniyatatvāc copasaṙgāṇāṃ parasparato bhedaḥ | kaṙmapravacanīyās tu kriyāviśeṣopajanitasaṃbaṃdhāvacchedahetava iti saṃbaṃdhaviśeṣadyotanadvāreṇa kriyāviśeṣaprakāśanāt_ upasaṙgeṣv evāṃtaṙbhavaṃtīti catuṙvidhaiva kaiścit padaṃ bhinnaṃ |

sākṣāt kriyāviśeṣaprakāśanābhāvāt_ tad api paṃcamaṃ padam iti kaiścit | tathā hi | karma proktavaṃtaḥ karmapravacanīyā iti atikrāṃtakriyākhyānalakṣaṇasya vyāpārasyātra saṃbhavo na tu vaṙtamānasyety upasaṙgebhyo bhedaḥ kriyāgataviśeṣadyotanapūrvaṃ hi saṃbaṃdhāvacchedanam atra vaṙtamānaṃ | tathā hi | sarvaḥ saṃbaṃdhaḥ kriyākṛtaḥ upakārakriyocitatvāt tasya kriyām aṃtareṇopakārābhāvāt | tatra kvacit kriyāśabdaḥ śrūyate kvacin na | yatra śrūyate tatra śrauta eva saṃbaṃdhaviśeṣāvasāyaḥ tad yathā mātuḥ smarati mātuḥ smṛtaṃ saṙpiṣo jānīte ityādau kriyā hi svabhāvād eva kriyāṃtaravyavadhānam aṃtareṇa dravyaiḥ saṃyujyate | yasmān mātṛpitṛviṣaye pravaṙtate vatiṣṭhate vā tasmān mātṛpitṛsaṃbaṃdhīdaṃ smaraṇam iti kriyākārakabhāvapūrvaka evāyam api saṃbaṃdha iti vaṙṇayaṃti |

aśrute tu kriyāpade dvayī gatiḥ kvacit saṃbaṃdhasvarūpamahimnaiva kriyāpekṣāsiddheḥ | pratiniyatakriyākārakabhāvapūrvakatvaṃ śeṣasaṃbaṃdhasya vinaiva karmapravacanīyaṃ avagamyate tad yathā upagor apatyaṃ vṛkṣaśākhetyādau apatyāpatyavatsaṃbaṃdho janikriyānimitto 'vayavāvayavisaṃbaṃdhaś ca sthitikriyānimitta ityādi | kvacit tu saṃbaṃdhānāṃ pratiniyatakriyāpūrvakatvāvadhāraṇe nāsti sāmaṙtthyaṃ tad yathā rājñaḥ puruṣa ityādau svasvāmibhāvo bharaṇādyanekakriyānimitta ity evāvagamyate | kriyāviśeṣo nāvadhāryate tannimittabhūtaḥ | tathā ca bhāṣyaṃ yadetad svaṃ nāma tac catuṙbhiḥ prakāraiṙ bhavati bharaṇāt_ apaharaṇāt_ krayaṇād yācñayā iti dānādīnāṃ tv anyatamāvinābhāvāt kriyānumīyate eva kvacid avinābhāvinī kriyāpi na pratīyate | tathā caivaṃjātīyake viṣaye karmapravacanīyo niyataviśiṣṭhakriyākṛtatvaṃ saṃbaṃdhasya viśeṣam avagamayati | tad uktaṃ | janayitvā kriyā kācit saṃbaṃdhaṃ vinivaṙtate | śrūyamāṇe kriyāśabde saṃbaṃdho jñāyate kvacit | sa copajātaḥ saṃbaṃdho vinivṛtte kriyāpade | kaṙmapravacanīyena yatra tatra niyamyata iti | niyamas tasya niyataniyatakriyājanitatvaṃ | tathā hi śākalyasya saṃhitām anu prāvaṙṣat_ iti yo yaṃ saṃhitāpravaṙṣaṇayoṙ hetuhetumadbhāvaṃ sambaṃdhaḥ sa niyatakriyājanita ity anunā vedyate | anuniśamyety atrānoṙ niśamayatikriyāsāhacaryopalabdher iha saṃpāṭharūpatvāt saṃhitāyāḥ tadanumānasyaucityāt_ ttatra kriyāvacanatvam asyānyatrādṛṣṭaśakteṙ na kalpyaṃ

dyotyāṙtthaniṣṭha ca dyotakatvam iti tad api kriyāpadāprayogād anyatra nāsti | na ca kriyāpadākṣepakatvaṃ yathā prādeśaṃ viparilikhatīty a lekhanā samanvayānupapatteṙ mimātikriyākṣepakatvaṃ kārakavibhaktiṙ hi atra prādeśam iti dvitīyeti yuktas tatsamuccita kriyākṣepaḥ | iha tu saṃhitām iti śaiṣikīyaṃ vibhaktir iti kathaṃ kriyākṣepaḥ | kriyākārakayor eva parasparam ākṣepyākṣepakabhāvasyāvinābhāvena nyāyyatvāt | tad yathā praviśa piṃḍīm ityādau | nāpi saṃbaṃdhavācitvam anoḥ vibhaktyaiva tadabhidhānāt_ iti saṃbadhāvacchedasya pratyāyako nānyaḥ saṃbhavatīty anor atra sāmaṙtthyām adhyavasīyate | tad uktaṃ kriyayā dyotako nāyaṃ saṃbaṃdhasya na vācakaḥ | nāpi kriyāpadākṣepī saṃbaṃdhasya tu bhedaka iti | bhedako viśeṣako dyotaka ity aṙtthaḥ | ayam atra bhāvaḥ | yad anyathāsiddhaṃ tatrānoṙ vyāpārakalpanā yuktā | yat punar anyathā sāma=ṙtthyādinā siddhyati na tatra tasya śaktiḥ kalpayituṃ pāṙyate iti padāṃtarāṇām aṙtthāṃtaraniveśāt saṃbaṃdhaviśeṣasya tato navagatasya karmapravacanīyaviṣayatā siddhā | nanu ca yad atrādhikyaṃ sa vākyāṙttha iti kriyāviśeṣajanitatvalakṣaṇāḥ saṃbaṃdhasyāvacchedo vākyāṙtthaḥ kim iti na kathyate | anos tu paścādbhāvamātravṛttitvam eveti ||

atrocyate || ihādhikyaṃ vākyāṙtthatvenocyamānaṃ padāṙtthapṛṣṭhapātitvenaivānusaraṇīyaṃ na tu padāṙtthollaṃghanena | tattadvākyopāttasya hi sādhyasya vā viśeṣyasya vopāttair eva sādhanaiṙ viśeṣaiś ca saṃsaṙgas tatrādhikyaṃ | tad yathā | gāṃ śuklām ānaya | nīlotpalam iti ca | ata evocyate | āśrayāśrayiṇoṙ vākyān niyamas tv avatiṣṭhata iti | iyaṃ cānupāttasyaiva padāṙtthasya vākyāṙtthāt pratītiṙ nāstīti na saṃbaṃdhāvacchedo trāpadāṙttho vākyāṙtthaḥ śakyate kalpayitum iti karmapravacanīyaviṣaya evāyaṃ | yad vakṣyati | nimittaniyamaḥ śabdāt_ saṃbaṃdhasya na gṛhyate | kaṙmapravacanīyais tu svaviśeṣe varudhyata iti | atra ca daṙśanadvayaṃ svarūpeṇaiva saṃbaṃdhāṃtaravilakṣaṇaḥ kaṙmapravacanīyena saṃbaṃdho vaccchidyate kriyāviśeṣajanitatvena veti tatra svarūpeṇāvacchede viśeṣakriyājanitatvapratītiḥ saṃbaṃdhiviśeṣaparyālocanālabhyā | tathā hi | adhi brahmadatte paṃcālā iti svasvāmibhāvo yaṃ saṃbaṃdha ity adhinā vedyate | brahmadattaś ca svāmīśvaraḥ paṃcālāś ca janapadaḥ svam iti tayoḥ saṃbaṃdhinoḥ paripālanakārādānādikriyāprabhāvita eva saṃbaṃdho nyāyya ity avaga-myate | evam abhimanyur aṙjunataḥ pratīti pratinā sādṛśyalakṣaṇo yaṃ saṃbaṃdha iti dyotyate | sa punaḥ saṃbaṃdhisvarūpaparyālocanād atra saṃpraharaṇādikriyākṛta ity avagamyate | itthaṃ ca śākalyasaṃhitām anu prāvaṙṣad ity atrāpi hetuphalabhāvo nāmāyaṃ saṃbaṃdha ity etāva5ty evāyam anuṙ viśrāmyati | pāṭhaviśerūpatvāt saṃhitāyā niśamanakri=yāvagatiḥ | śabdaśravaṇena hi devo vaṙṣad iti saṃbaṃdhimahimnā viśiṣṭakriyāprabhāvitatvam avasīyate | kecid iyān anor eva vyāpāra ity āhuḥ |

svarūpāvacchede pi ca kriyāyāḥ kāryabhūtasaṃbaṃdhāpekṣayā'tītatvāt karma proktavaṃta ity aṙtthaḥ | samaṃ nety eva vastutaḥ kriyāphalasyaiva saṃbaṃdhasya prakāśanāt_ yathā tu tatrabhavato bhaṙtṛhares tatra tatrābhiprāyo lakṣyate tathā nimittaviśeṣāvaccheda eva karmapravacanīyakṛta eveti rāddhāṃtaḥ | adhi brahmadatte paṃcālā it_yi paripālanakriyāhitatvaṃ svasvāmibhāvasyānunā vyajyate | abhimanyur aṙjunataḥ pratīty atra parājayādikṛto nukāryānukaraṇabhāvaḥ pratinā prakāśyata ityādi sarvatra yojyaṃ | sustutam atistutam ityādau tuḥ suḥ pūjāyām atir atikramaṇe cetyādinā karmapravacanīyasaṃjñā adhikārikī svāṙtthanirapekṣaivopasaṙgasaṃjñābādhanāya pravaṙtate | yathoktaṃ | karmapravacanīyatvaṃ kriyāyoge vidhīyate | ṣatvādivinivṛttyaṙtthaṃ svatyādīnāṃ hi dhaṙmaṇām iti | āṙtthena tu rūpeṇa vibhāge prastute kriyāviśeṣāvadyotakatvād upasaṙgapade svatyādir aṃtaṙbhavatīti nāvyāptiḥ | tad evaṃ vākyād apodhriyamāṇasya padasyāpoddhārāṙtthaviśeṣāśrayeṇa yathāsaṃbhavaṃ bhedo niraṃśakavākyavyutpatyupāyabhūtaḥ pradaṙśitaḥ | ata eva svādisu padaṃ vākyavyutpatyanaṃgatvāc chastre saṃketitaṃ subaṃtapadavyutpatyupāyabhūtaṃ neha gaṇanāṙhaṃ | prakṛtipratyayavad iti dṛṣṭāṃtapakṣanikṣiptam iti nāvyāptiḥ | padāt kilāsāv apoddhāro na vākyāt ||

tad evam etad anaṃtarakāṃḍe daṙśanadvayam upapāditam iti yathāsaṃbhavaṃ pratinidhiś ca ciṃitaḥ || idānīṃ jātau śabdenābhidhīyamānāyāṃ tatra jātyaṃtarābhāvān niṙnimittā śabdasya pravṛttir āśrīyetety āśaṃkyopapādayitum āha ||

|| svā jātiḥ prathamaṃ śabdaiḥ sarvair evābhidhīyate | tato ṙthajātirūpeṣu tadadhyāropakalpanā || 6 ||

svā asādhāraṇī ātmīyā gośabdatvādikā na tu sakalaśabdasādhāraṇī śabdatvādiḥ evaṃ cāsādhāraṇatvena viśeṣaṇatayā saṃbaṃdhāvyabhicāraḥ | śabdasyāṙtthajātyā saṃbaṃdhavyabhicāraḥ śabdasvāṙtthajātyā saṃbaṃdhavyabhicāre pīti sa jātir eva mukhyam abhidheyam ity uktaṃ bhavati | tathā ca vākyakāraḥ na vā śabdapūrvako hy aṙtthe saṃpratyayaḥ iti sata evāvyabhicāriṇyā svarūpajāter aṙtthajātyabhidhāne śabdasya nāṃtarīyakam abhidhānam iti prathamam ity āha | yadabhedena yatpratipattiḥ tad avaśyaṃ tatra pratipattavyam ity etāvatātra prāthamyaṃ na tu krameṇābhidhānāt | yad vā saṃbaṃdhavyutpattikālāpekṣaṃ prāthamyaṃ | tathā hi saṃbaṃdhavyutpattikāle ṙthajātyā nāsti saṃbaṃdhaḥ tathātve vācakatvena tatra viniyogo naṙtthakaḥ syāt_ aṙtthasya pratipannatvād iti so ṙtthas tāvat tena śabdena na pratipannaḥ yadi ca svajātyabhidhānaṃ tadānīṃ na syāt_ tadānakatvād vibhaktiyogo naṙtthakaḥ syāt_ iti prāk saṃjñinābhisaṃbaṃdhāt saṃjñā rūpapadāṙtthakety uktaṃ rūpaṃ hi svarūpaṃ svā jātiṙ vā daṙśanabhedena kathyate | sarvair iti svarūpaparair aṙthaparaiś ca tasyā evaṃ svarūpatayā vyavahārāc chabdasvarūpeṇāvasthitā jātiḥ pratipadyate | aṙtthasya bhudvity eva śabdasvarūpābhedenāvabodhe pi yathāpratipāditakramāśrayeṇa tataḥ svajātipratyāyanād anaṃtaraṃ aṙtthajātīyānāṃ gotvādīnām ātmasu tasyāḥ śabdajāteḥ samāropasya kalpanā na paramāṙttha śabdavivaṙtatvenāṙtthasya śabdāt tvato bhedābhāvāt |

yad vā saṃbaṃdhavyutpattikāle gauravam aṙtthaya ity aṙtthajātyā śabdajāter atyaṃtabhedāt sāmānādhikaraṇyānyathānupapatyā'bhedādhyāropaḥ kalpyate yathā gauṙ bāhīka iti anyathā saṃketasyaiva kaṙtum aśakyatvāt | yathā cāyam anādir apauruṣeyo vācyavācakabhāvaḥ tadādhyāropo pi | anyathā vācyavācakabhāva eva na ghaṭeta | yathā bauddhasya dṛśyavikalpāṙtthaikīkāro bhedānadhyavasāyalakṣaṇaḥ na tu yathā gauṙ bāhīka ity atra puruṣecchayādhyāropaḥ vyavahāre śabdāṙthayoḥ sadaivābhedādhyavasāyāt_ katham iyaṃ prativaṙṇam anabhivyaktāsādhāraṇajātir asamasamayabhāvānna vaṙṇair abhivyajyata iti cet_ yathotkṣepaṇatvādijātir iti brūmaḥ | tathā hi pratyekaṃ karmakṣaṇānām upavyaṃjakatve pi yat prathamautkṣepaṇakṣaṇaḥ sa paramāṇumāvadeśākramaṇāmātmarūpatvāt_ bhramaṇakṣaṇa sārūpyavaśād anavadhāryamāṇabheda ekaiko samaṙttho niyatajātyabhivyaṃjana iti kṣaṇāṃtaram apekṣate na ca tasya bhramaṇakṣaṇād viśeṣo nāsti upakrama evotkṣipāmīty evaṃ prayatnajanitatvāt | evaṃ gośabdam uccārayāmīty ayaṃ prayatno yady api gānagaganaśabdajanakāt prayatnād anya eva hetubhedād ya gakārayor api bheda eva tathāpi sādṛśyād asau duravadhāra iti vyaṃjako pi san_ prathamo dhvanir asphuṭam abhivyanaktīty āvaṙtamāno pi vaṙṇaviśadatarasāmānyaviśeṣābhivyaktau hetuḥ sadāvayavaprabaṃdhaḥ krameṇopalabdho bhavati | atha śabdajātiviśeṣopādhiyuktā vyavahārā avatiṣṭhaṃte tadānīm asāhacaryāt parasparāvacchedavaśena vilakṣaṇatayā pratibhāsanāt | yathā ca ślokaḥ sakṛt paṭhyamāno nāvadhāryate abhyāsena tu sphuṭāvabhāsaḥ tathā caramacetasi cakāsti ratnatatvavat_ sphoṭatvaṃ prathamākṣareṇa hi jāter ābhāsamātraṃ janyate | taduttarottaravaṙṇakalāpena tu sphuṭatarasphuṭatamaparicchedādhānaṃ saṃskāraviśeṣotpādanadvāreṇābhivyaktiviśeṣasya ratnatatvādau dṛṣṭeḥ tasmāc chabdād aṙtthaṃ pratiyadhāmaha iti vyavahārād vaṙṇānām aṙtthāvasāyajanakatvānupapatteḥ prakriyānaṃgasyā prathamakāṃḍa eva vihitatvān niravayava eva kaṃ pratyāyakaṃ śabdatatvaṃ jātivyaktibhedena bhinnaṃ sphoṭasvabhāvam evāṃgīkāryaṃ gaur ayam aṙttha iti ca vācakābhedena vācyapratīteḥ tadadhyāsakhacitavapuṙ vyavavahāryo ṙtthaḥ tatra ca svarūpasya vācyatā prathamakāṃḍa eva niṙṇītā iha tu saṃbaṃdhamuddeśe pi niṙṇeṣyate |

tatraitat syāc chabdasamavāyi sāmānyaṃ vādhikaraṇatvāt katharm aṙtthajārakṣetīr abhedena vyapadiśed ity āśaṃkya nidaṙśanenaitad vyutpādayati ||

yathā raukte tathā8 tatvaṃ kaṣāye vyapadiśyate | saṃyogisaṃnikaṙṣāc ca vastrādiṣv api hyategṛhyate || tathā śabdāṙtthasaṃbaṃdhāc chabde jātir avasthitā || vyapadeśe ṙtthajātīnāṃ jātikāryāya kalpate || 8 ||

rakte guṇe tatvaṃ tasya raktasya guṇasya bhāvo raktatvaṃ lauhityasāmānyaṃ guṇavyaktisamavetam ucyate | tatsamavetasamavāyāt_ kaṣāye raktaguṇādhāre dravyeḥ vyapadiśyate vyapadeśāya kalpate tadviśeṣaṇabhūtaṃ hi tat kaṣāyadravyam abhidhīyate lohitā nnātyeti tena saṃyogino vastrādaeyaḥ tayoḥ saṃyoginoḥ kaṣāyavastrayoḥ sannikaṙṣaḥ saṃbhedaḥ tasmān nimittāt tatrāpi tallauhityaṃ gṛhyate saṃyuktasamavetasamavāyād vastrādiṣv api lauhityanimitto vyapadeśaḥ lohitaṃ vastram iti | tathā śabdāṙtthasaṃbaṃdhād iti lohitaguṇakaṣāyadravyasaṃbaṃdhasthānīya samānādhikaraṇatayāvasthitāt svābhāvikāt_ kevalaṃ vyutpattikāle niṙṇīte tadanyathānupapattyaivādhyāropasya kalpanāt saṃbaṃdhād eva śabdajātyā vyapadeśaḥ | yatrāṙtthe jātis tasyā eva vācyatvaṃ prakramya hy upadeśe kalpate svarūpābhedena jātikāryāya kalpate | jātyādiśabde jātiṣu vācakatvena pravaṙtamāne sthitā jātiṙ na kevalaṃ vyapadeśāya kalpate yāvaj jātikāryāya ca | atha vā vyapadeśe sati jātikāryāya kalpata ity aṙtthaḥ | niḥsāmānyāni sāmānyādīni svato jātirahitatve tatkāryaṃ śabdapratyayānuvṛttilakṣaṇaṃ | so yam ity anena saṃbaṃdhāc chabdasamavāyino jātir aṙtthenādhyāropitābhedaṃ saṃpādayaṃtī tadātmanā saṃpadyata ity upavaṙṇyate | vyaktirūpe śabde jāteḥ samaāvāyaḥ | nanu vaṙṇeṣv iti avasthitety upapadyate | vaṙṇānāṃ hi yaugapadyābhāvād avācakatvam iti kathaṃ tatra śabdajāteḥ samavāyaḥ syāt | kevalaṃ sphoṭasya jātivyaktibhedena daṙśanadvayam iti vyaktisposphoṭe jātiḥ aṙtthabhedena hi bhinnasya nityaśabdasyābhinnābhidhānapratyayahetuṙ jātir avaśyābhyupagaṃtavyā | ata eva tayāsphoritāyā vyakter eva vācakatvaṃ | upalakṣaṇabhūtā tu jātir āśrīyata iti katham aṙtānanuyāyinyā vyakteṙ vācakatvam iti na codanīyaṃ |

śabdāṙtthasaṃbaṃdhaś cātra yogyatālakṣaṇoḥ bhipretaḥ sarvo hi śabdaḥ saṃjñātvena viniyajyamānaḥ sarvatrāṙtthe yogyatālakṣaṇena saṃbaṃdhena saṃbaddhaḥ kevalaṃ śaktyavacchedamātre saṃjñākaṙtu vyāpāro na tv apūrvasaṃketakaraṇe aṙthasaṃbaṃdhasyāpauruṣeyatvāt_ evaṃ cādaikṣu vṛddhiśabdo nāpūrva eva saṃketita iti saṙveṣām anekāṙtthatvād_ vaktṛbhedād vānekatve samānākārapratyayanimittā jātir anusaraṇīyā | tad yathākāśasya saṃyogibhedena kalpitabhedasyānekatve saty ākāśatvaṃ jāvakṣyate na caivaṃ sarvasmāt sarvāṙtthapratītiprasaṃgaḥ prasiddhivaśenāṙtthapratīteḥ | kutracit kasyacit prasiddhatvāt_ prasiddhānāṃ cāṙtthānāṃ aṙtthaprakaraṇādayo vibhāgahetava uktāḥ | tad yathā gośabdena navasvaṙttheṣu saṃnihiteṣv api prakaraṇādeḥ pratimatāṙtthāvasāyaḥ | tad evaṃ śabdajātyā śabdavyaktiṙ vācikā prathamam abhedena vyapadiśyate | tato ṙtthajātiḥ tatas tad vyaktir ity ayaṃ vāstavaḥ kramaḥ pratyāyane tu akramataiva

śabdācchuritatve pi cāṙtthasya na svarūpavyapagamaḥ | yathā hy ālokācchurito pi ghaṭo na svarūpeṇa tirobhavati | evaṃ śabdasvarūpoparakto ṙtthasvarūpāropeṇa śabdālokayor aṙtthaprakāśakatvasyaivaṃvidhasya dṛṣṭeḥ yathā gauṙ bāhīka ity atra na gotvamātraṃ pratīyate api tu adhyāropitagorūpo vāhīkaḥ evam ihāpi | na tu sphaṭikamaṇāv ivāṙtthe śabdajāteḥ samāveśo vivakṣitaḥ tasyaiva bāhīkavat pratyāyyatvāt | svābhāvikaśrayam aṙtthapratyāyane śabdānām abhedasaṃbaṃdho 'bhyupāya iti pratipādyo pi tathaiva pratipadyate na hi puruṣādhīnam etat | anādau saṃsāre nenaiva prakāreṇa saṃbaṃdhavyutpatteḥ ko tra niyamato dhyāropayitā kalpyatāṃ avyutpannasaṃketasyāpi cābhinnapratyayotpatter aṙthajātir apy astīti na śabdajātir evādhyāropitāstv iti vācyaṃ śābdī ceyam evaṃvidhā pratītir iti cākṣuṣeṇa raktādipratyayena nidaṙśanabhūtena vyutpāditā vastusanniveśitvābhāve pi ca śabdajāter ayam anādir adhyāropo rūcchaḥ sadaiva vyahāre śabdāṙtthayor abhedāvasāyāt_ bhedasyāpi ca gauṙ bāhīka itivat_ pratijñānān mitthyājñānam idaṃ na bhavati prāk saṃbaṃdhanasaṃvedanasamayād aṙtthajātayo bhedenāvabhāsaṃte avyutpannasaṃketasya bālakasya puro vasthiteṣu sāsnādimatsu piṃḍeṣu bhinnaḥ pratyaya utpadyate tadā vācakasannidhānābhāvād abhinnapratyayahetur aṙtthajātir avadhāryate | ata eva bhedena kathaṃ tadaniṙdhāritāyām aṙtthajātau śabdajātiḥ samāropyata ityādi na codanīyaṃ

jātikāryāya kalpata ity uktam evāṙttham abhivyanakti ||

|| jātiśabdaikaśeṣe sā jātīnāṃ jātir iṣyate | śabdajātaya ity atra tajjātiḥ śabdajātiṣu || 9 ||

ākṛtyabhidhānād vaikaṃ vibhaktau vājapyāyana iti jātipakṣe pratyākhyānād ekaśeṣasya tatphalam ekaśabdaprayogo traikaśeṣa uktaḥ sahavibhaktā vaikaśeṣeṇa lakṣyate jātiśabdaikaśeṣe prasakta iti vā yojanīyaṃ | seti śabdajātiḥ aṙtthajātīnām abhedenādhyasyamānā jātiśabdagatā jātir ekaśabdatvaṃ saṃpādayati jātikāryaṃ tad yathā gāvo vṛkṣa ityādir abhinnasumānyanibaṃdhanas tadekāṙtthasamavāyāt samāśritaviśiṣṭasaṃkhya ekaśabdād aprayogaḥ | tathā jātaya ity ayam api jātyāśrayāparajātyabhāvād vācakājātyadhyāsāśraya upapadyate | śabdagataṃ ca sāmānyaṃ jātivācakakāryam upacaraty ucyate na tv aṙtthajātiṣv eveti niyamaḥ kenacit kriyata iti yadā śabdajātayo pi pratyāyyā tadāsv ayam apy abhidhānagataṃ jātikāryāya kalpate evety āṙtthaśabdajātaya ity atreti tajjātiḥ śabdagataṃ sāmānyaṃ śabdajātipadamā ity atraikapadaprayoge tasyoccaritasya śabdajātiśabdasya yā jātiḥ sā śabdajātiṣu gośabdatvādikāsu vyaktisthānīyāsu pratipādyāsv abhinnaśabdaprayoganibaṃdhanam ity aṙtthaḥ |

yady evaṃ śabdajātiśabdagatānām api jātīnām anyā vācakajātiḥ tāsām apy anyety anavasthāprasaṃga ity āśaṃkyāha ||

yā śabdajātiśabdeṣu śabdebhyo bhinnalakṣaṇā | jātiḥ sā śabdajātitvam apy atikramya vaṙtate || 10 ||

prayoktṛbhedād bahuṣu śabdajātiśabdeṣu abhinnapratyayanibaṃdhanā jātis tebhya eva śabdebhyaḥ svāśrayabhūtebhyo bhinnasvabhāvā sā gośabdatvādiśabdaājātivaṙgāṃtaḥpātinī na tu vyapadeśāṃtarārhā śabdajātiśabdasyāpi gośabdatvādivat_ śabdajātaya ity anenaivaikaśabdaprayoge sāpi pratyāyyata iti na= prayogānavasthāpattir ity abhiprāyaḥ

tad eva svanikāyasiddhādhyāsaṃdaṙśanāśrayeṇa sārvatrikī jātipadāṙtthavyavasthā daṙśitā svarūpabhūdi jātiḥ | sarveṣāṃ śabdānām aṃtaraṃgatvād asādhāraṇātvād aheyatvāc ca prathamaṃ pratipādyā idānīm adhyāsānāśrayeṇāpi prauḍhavāditayā jātipadāṙtthavyāptim upapādayitum āha ||

|| aṙtthajātyabhidhāne pi sarve jātyabhidhāyinaḥ | vyāpāralakṣaṇā yasmāt padāṙtthās samavasthitāḥ || 11 ||

anyathā cātra saṃbaṃdhaḥ | tathā hi astu śabdajāter aṙtthajātīyānāṃ jātikāryaṃ saṃbaṃdhavyutpattis tu na ghaṭate yatra hi saṃketaḥ tatra śabdajātir adhyasyate sa eva tv anekatvād aṙtthajātīnāṃ sāmānyāṃtaram aṃtareṇa na saṃbhavatīty āha aṙtthajātyabhidhāne pītyādi | yadā viśuddhā evāṙtthajātaya śabdair abhidhīyaṃta ity āśrīyate tadāpi sarve jātyabhidhāyino śabdā api tadā jātivācina eva | nanu niḥsāmānyāni sāmānyādinīti siddhāṃtāt kathaṃ jātyādiśabdā api jātyādhārāṃ jātim abhidadhyur ity āha | vyāpāralakṣaṇā iti | vyāpāraḥ kāryaṃ prayojanaṃ tad eva lakṣyate neneti lakṣaṇaṃ hetuṙ yeṣāṃ padapratyāyyānām aṙtthāne tad adyā niyamitasvarūpāḥ | ayam āśayaḥ | vaiśeṣikādīnāṃ bhavaṃtu nissāmānyāni tāni hi ṣv anādyapratyayāvaseyāni paropādhirūpāṇi svataṃtravyaktivadidaṃtāvabhāsiddhābhāvāt sāmānyāṃtareṇa nopādhīyaṃte | vaiyākaraṇānāṃ śabdāṙttho ṙttha ity abhyupeyatām anvayirūpāvacchedena pratyayasyotpatteṙ jātiṣv api jātir aviruddhābhyupagamāya tad eva hi vyaktiṣv api jātyabhyupagame nimittam ity atrāpi tathābhyupagame kaḥ pradveṣaḥ | pratyakṣā api ca padāṙtthāḥ svakārya vijñānādikaṃ kurvaṃtaḥ saṃtīti vyavahriyaṃte | kiṃ punaḥ śabdavācyāḥ padāṙtthā iti sāmānyavacanā dravyādayo pi śabdavācyatvenaiva lakṣyaṃte śabdapramāṇakānāṃ hi yacchabda āha tat paramāṙttharūpaṃ tathā cānvayirūpeṇa guṇo py abhidhīyamāno jātir eva yathopamānasamāse śyāmādiḥ tathā copamānāni sāmānyavacanair ity ucyate |

evaṃ kriyāpy abhedenābhidhīyamānānāṃ jātiḥ | tathedaṃ tad iti svātaṃtrya viśeṣyatayābhidhīyamānā jātiguṇakriyā api dravyam iti yathāvasaram agre niṙṇeṣyata eva | etac ca laukikavyavahārānuguṇyena śāstre smin_ vyutpādyate | śāstrāṃtaraprasiddhā hi vyavasthā lokaviruddhā loke hi gavi śṛṃgaṃ vṛkṣe śākheti vyavahāraḥ tathaiva ca vyākaraṇe py ādhārasaptamī śāstrāṃtareṣv avayaveṣv avayavīti śṛṃge gauḥ śākhāyāṃ vṛkṣa iti syāt_ itthaṃ ca śabdābhidheyasyehāṙtthatvāt_ sarve jātyabhidhāyino yasmāt_ śabdavyāpāreṇa padāṙtthā lakṣyaṃte | yady api bahiṙ vastūni na saṃti tathāpi śabdais tathā pratyāyyaṃte 'to bhidhāvyāpāravaśād anvayirūpeṇa pratyāyanād vyāptiṙ jātau padāṙtthe 'sti hy eṣo py aṙtthaḥ |

abhidhāvyāpāralakṣaṇatvam eva vyaktayati ||

|| jātau padāṙtthe jātiṙ vā viśeṣo vāpi jātivat | śabder apekṣyate yasmād atas te jātivācinaḥ || 12 ||

jātau padāṙtthe iti pakṣāvacchedaṃ karoti | atra hi pakṣe sarva eva hi śabdo jātivācīty abhyupagaṃtavyaṃ bhavatu mā bhūj jātiṣu jātiśabdes tu jātiṙ vyatiriktayā jātyaikasvabhāvaiṃvāpekṣyate pratyāyyatvena kriyate svālakṣaṇyena vastūnāṃ bhedaḥ śabdaiḥ spraṣṭaṃ na śakyate matvepirūpāveśena saṃbaṃdhaḥ vyutpattau śabdasya vācakatvāt tathā ca jātīnām itaretarabhedo vastu satābhidhīyate api tv abhedakalpena tā abhidhīyaṃte abhedaś ca sāmānyam iti siddham ekaśabdatvaṃ jātaya iti

ta vā yo pi viśeṣaḥ saṃjñāśabdānāṃ vācyaḥ pratiniyataḥ so pi jātivat prasiddhajātyā tulyam eva vakṣyate śabdaḥ tatrāpi bālyakaumārādyavasthābhedaḥ śabdena na spṛśyate api tv avasthātṛrūpam anugataṃ na siddhaṃ pratyabhijñāpratyayanimittaṃ tatrāvaśyābhyupagaṃtavyaṃ ato jātivad yasmāt sarvam apekṣyate saṃbaṃdhaśabdais tasmāj jātiviśeṣaṃ pratipādayaṃtaḥ sarve jātyabhidhāyina iti jātyabhidhānavyāptiṃ nigamaya iti | itthaṃ ca saṃjñāśabdānām api jātivādimate jātiśabdatvam ity eva śabdānāṃ pravṛttiḥ |